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Every living being uses Amino acids to make proteins. They help grow and repair body tissue and boost your immune system. It is crucial to balance Essential Amino acid levels throughout the day. There are six tests for determining the functional groups in amino acids. They are: (1) Ninhydrin Test The free amino group and Carboxylic acid group react with ninhydrin to produce a colored residue.   (2) Biuret Test  Also known as Piotrowski’s Test, the dark violet-colored residue signifies the presence of protein in the solution.  (3) Xanthoproteic Test  This test identifies the presence of an activated benzene ring in the amino acid. Nitric acid is added to 1 ml of amino acid solution, followed by boiling to detect the Essential Amino acid levels. (4) Millon’s Test  This test is suitable for amino acids containing a phenol group. Millon’s reagent is used in the test to identify protein traces in the sample. (5) Hopkins-Cole Test  This test is done particul...

 Multivitamins have become a regular supplement to the dietary needs of many Americans. Spectrophotometric determination of individual vitamins is needed to develop products that meet the specific requirements for supplementary use and quality. As many food sources fail to provide all the essential vitamins and minerals we need, more individuals are looking for alternatives that deliver precisely the right amount of nutritional supplement needed to maintain a healthy lifestyle in a safe and effective manner. Simultaneous determination of multivitamin preparations Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of various vitamins such as folic acid (vitamin B0), thiamin (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), pyridoxal (vitamin B6), ascorbic acid (vitamin C), and vitamins A, D, and E all utilize absorption value measurements for rapid analysis and formulation purposes. Multivitamin pharmaceutical preparations rely on this spectral data for pre-capsulation measurements and to assure pr...