Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, which are essential for numerous biological processes. Pathology tests for amino acids are often conducted to diagnose and monitor metabolic, genetic, or nutritional disorders. Below is a detailed explanation of how amino acids are related to pathology tests: Why Are Amino Acids Tested in Pathology? Metabolic Disorders : Amino acid profiling is used to identify inherited metabolic disorders, such as: Phenylketonuria (PKU) : Elevated levels of phenylalanine. Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) : Increased levels of branched-chain amino acids. Homocystinuria : Elevated homocysteine and methionine levels. These tests are often performed as part of newborn screening programs. Nutritional Deficiencies : Evaluate protein malnutrition or specific amino acid deficiencies (e.g., lysine or tryptophan). Chronic Conditions : Imbalances in amino acid levels can indicate underlying health issues like liver disease, kidney dysfunction, or cancer. Ne...
Food safety and quality assurance are crucial for ensuring that products are free from harmful substances and meet the required standards. Here are the top 10 food testing methods used in the industry: 1. Microbiological Testing Purpose: Detects harmful microorganisms like bacteria (e.g., Salmonella, E. coli), yeasts, molds, and pathogens. Method: Culture methods, PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), or immunoassays to identify contamination and ensure food safety. 2. Allergen Testing Purpose: Identifies the presence of food allergens (e.g., peanuts, gluten, soy). Method: ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay), PCR, and mass spectrometry are commonly used. 3. Chemical Contaminants Testing Purpose: Detects chemicals like pesticides, herbicides, and heavy metals. Method: Techniques like Gas Chromatography (GC), Liquid Chromatography (LC), and ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) are used to ensure chemical safety levels. 4. Nutritional Analysis Purpose: Verifies ...